Chapter 1
1 The Gospel Exalted
Paul 3972, a bond-servant 1401 of Christ 5547 Jesus 2424, called 2822 {as} an apostle 652, set 873 apart 873 for the gospel 2098 of God 2316,
2 which 3739 He promised 4279 beforehand 4279 through 1223 His prophets 4396 in the holy 40 Scriptures 1124,
3 concerning 4012 His Son 5207, who was born 1096 of a descendant 4690 of David 1160 according 2596 to the flesh 4561,
4 who was declared 3724 the Son 5207 of God 2316 with power 1411 by the resurrection 386 from the dead 3498, according 2596 to the Spirit 4151 of holiness 42, Jesus 2424 Christ 5547 our Lord 2962,
5 through 1223 whom 3739 we have received 2983 grace 5485 and apostleship 651 to bring 1519 about 1519 {the} obedience 5218 of faith 4102 among 1722 all 3956 the Gentiles 1484 for His name's 3686 sake 5228,
6 among 1722 whom 3739 you also 2532 are the called 2822 of Jesus 2424 Christ 5547;
7 ¶ to all 3956 who are beloved 27 of God 2316 in Rome 4516, called 2822 {as} saints 40: Grace 5485 to you and peace 1515 from God 2316 our Father 3962 and the Lord 2962 Jesus 2424 Christ 5547.
8 ¶ First 4413, I thank 2168 my God 2316 through 1223 Jesus 2424 Christ 5547 for you all 3956, because 3754 your faith 4102 is being proclaimed 2605 throughout 1722 the whole 3650 world 2889.
9 For God 2316, whom 3739 I serve 3000 in my spirit 4151 in the {preaching of the} gospel 2098 of His Son 5207, is my witness 3144 {as to} how 5613 unceasingly 89 I make 4160 mention 3417 of you,
10 always 3842 in my prayers 4335 making 1189 request 1189, if 1487 perhaps 4458 now 2235 at last 4218 by the will 2307 of God 2316 I may succeed 2137 in coming 2064 to you.
11 For I long 1971 to see 3708 you so 2443 that I may impart 3330 some 5100 spiritual 4152 gift 5486 to you, that you may be established 4741;
12 that is, that I may be encouraged 4837 together 4837 with you {while} among 1722 you, each 240 of us by the other's 240 faith 4102, both 5037 yours 4771 and mine 1473.
13 I do not want 2309 you to be unaware 50, brethren 80, that often 4178 I have planned 4388 to come 2064 to you (and have been prevented 2967 so 2443 far 891) so 2443 that I may obtain 2192 some 5100 fruit 2590 among 1722 you also 2532, even 2531 as among 1722 the rest 3062 of the Gentiles 1484.
14 I am 1510 under 3781 obligation 3781 both 5037 to Greeks 1672 and to barbarians 915, both 5037 to the wise 4680 and to the foolish 453.
15 So 3779, for my part 1473, I am eager 4289 to preach 2097 the gospel 2097 to you also 2532 who 3588 are in Rome 4516.
16 ¶ For I am 1870 not ashamed 1870 of the gospel 2098, for it is the power 1411 of God 2316 for salvation 4991 to everyone 3956 who believes 4100, to the Jew 2453 first 4413 and also 5037 to the Greek 1672.
17 For in it {the} righteousness 1343 of God 2316 is revealed 601 from faith 4102 to faith 4102; as it is written 1125, "BUT THE RIGHTEOUS 1342 {man} SHALL LIVE 2198 BY FAITH 4102."
18 Unbelief and Its Consequences
¶ For the wrath 3709 of God 2316 is revealed 601 from heaven 3772 against 1909 all 3956 ungodliness 763 and unrighteousness 93 of men 444 who suppress 2722 the truth 225 in unrighteousness 93,
19 because 1360 that which 1110 is known 1110 about God 2316 is evident 5318 within 1722 them; for God 2316 made 5319 it evident 5319 to them.
20 For since 575 the creation 2937 of the world 2889 His invisible 517 attributes, His eternal 126 power 1411 and divine 2305 nature 2305, have been clearly 2529 seen 2529, being understood 3539 through what 4161 has 4161 been 4161 made 4161, so 1519 that they are without 379 excuse 379.
21 For even though they knew 1097 God 2316, they did not honor 1392 Him as God 2316 or 2228 give 2168 thanks 2168, but they became 3154 futile 3154 in their speculations 1261, and their foolish 801 heart 2588 was darkened 4654.
22 Professing 5335 to be wise 4680, they became 3471 fools 3471,
23 and exchanged 236 the glory 1391 of the incorruptible 862 God 2316 for an image 1504 in the form 3667 of corruptible 5349 man 444 and of birds 4071 and four-footed 5074 animals 5074 and crawling 2062 creatures 2062.
24 ¶ Therefore 1352 God 2316 gave 3860 them over 3860 in the lusts 1939 of their hearts 2588 to impurity 167, so 1519 that their bodies 4983 would be dishonored 818 among 1722 them.
25 For they exchanged 3337 the truth 225 of God 2316 for a lie 5579, and worshiped 4573 and served 3000 the creature 2937 rather 3844 than 3844 the Creator 2936, who 3739 is blessed 2128 forever 165. Amen 281.
26 ¶ For this 3778 reason 1223 God 2316 gave 3860 them over 3860 to degrading 819 passions 3806; for their women 2338 exchanged 3337 the natural 5446 function 5540 for that which is unnatural,
27 and in the same 3668 way 3668 also 2532 the men 733 abandoned 863 the natural 5446 function 5540 of the woman 2338 and burned 1572 in their desire 3715 toward 1519 one 240 another 240, men 733 with men 733 committing 2716 indecent 808 acts 808 and receiving 618 in their own 1438 persons 1438 the due 1163 penalty 489 of their error 4106.
28 ¶ And just 2531 as they did not see 1381 fit 1381 to acknowledge God 2316 any longer, God 2316 gave 3860 them over 3860 to a depraved 96 mind 3563, to do 4160 those 3588 things which are not proper 2520,
29 being filled 4137 with all 3956 unrighteousness 93, wickedness 4189, greed 4124, evil 2549; full 3324 of envy 5355, murder 5408, strife 2054, deceit 1388, malice 2550; {they are} gossips 5588,
30 slanderers 2637, haters 2319 of God 2319, insolent 5197, arrogant 5244, boastful 213, inventors 2182 of evil 2556, disobedient 545 to parents 1118,
31 without 801 understanding 801, untrustworthy 802, unloving 794, unmerciful 415;
32 and although they know 1921 the ordinance 1345 of God 2316, that those 3588 who practice 4238 such 5108 things 5108 are worthy 514 of death 2288, they not only 3440 do 4160 the same 846, but also 2532 give 4909 hearty 4909 approval 4909 to those 3588 who practice 4238 them.
Chapter 2
1 The Impartiality of God
Therefore 1352 you have 1510 no 379 excuse 379, everyone of you who passes 2919 judgment 2919, for in that which 3739 you judge 2919 another 2087, you condemn 2632 yourself 4572; for you who judge 2919 practice 4238 the same 846 things 846.
2 And we know 3609 that the judgment 2917 of God 2316 rightly falls 1510 upon those 3588 who practice 4238 such 5108 things 5108.
3 But do you suppose 3049 this 3778, O 5599 man 444, when you pass 2919 judgment 2919 on those 3588 who practice 4238 such 5108 things 5108 and do 4160 the same 846 {yourself,} that you will escape 1628 the judgment 2917 of God 2316?
4 Or 2228 do you think 2706 lightly 2706 of the riches 4149 of His kindness 5544 and tolerance 463 and patience 3115, not knowing 50 that the kindness 5543 of God 2316 leads 71 you to repentance 3341?
5 But because 2596 of your stubbornness 4643 and unrepentant 279 heart 2588 you are storing 2343 up wrath 3709 for yourself 4572 in the day 2250 of wrath 3709 and revelation 602 of the righteous 1341 judgment 1341 of God 2316,
6 who 3739 WILL RENDER 591 TO EACH 1538 PERSON 1538 ACCORDING 2596 TO HIS DEEDS 2041:
7 to those 3588 who by perseverance 5281 in doing 2041 good 18 seek 2212 for glory 1391 and honor 5092 and immortality 861, eternal 166 life 2222;
8 but to those 3588 who are selfishly 2052 ambitious 2052 and do not obey 544 the truth 225, but obey 3982 unrighteousness 93, wrath 3709 and indignation 2372.
9 {There will be} tribulation 2347 and distress 4730 for every 3956 soul 5590 of man 444 who does 2716 evil 2556, of the Jew 2453 first 4413 and also 5037 of the Greek 1672,
10 but glory 1391 and honor 5092 and peace 1515 to everyone 3956 who does 2038 good 18, to the Jew 2453 first 4413 and also 5037 to the Greek 1672.
11 For there is no 3756 partiality 4382 with God 2316.
12 ¶ For all 3745 who 3745 have sinned 264 without 460 the Law 460 will also 2532 perish 622 without 460 the Law 460, and all 3745 who 3745 have sinned 264 under 1722 the Law 3551 will be judged 2919 by the Law 3551;
13 for {it is} not the hearers 202 of the Law 3551 {who} are just 1342 before 3844 God 2316, but the doers 4163 of the Law 3551 will be justified 1344.
14 For when 3752 Gentiles 1484 who do not have 2192 the Law 3551 do 4160 instinctively 5449 the things of the Law 3551, these 3778, not having 2192 the Law 3551, are a law 3551 to themselves 1438,
15 in that they show 1731 the work 2041 of the Law 3551 written 1123 in their hearts 2588, their conscience 4893 bearing 4828 witness 4828 and their thoughts 3053 alternately 3342 accusing 2723 or 2228 else 2532 defending 626 them,
16 on the day 2250 when 3739, according 2596 to my gospel 2098, God 2316 will judge 2919 the secrets 2927 of men 444 through 1223 Christ 5547 Jesus 2424.
17 The Jew Is Condemned by the Law
¶ But if 1487 you bear 2028 the name 2028 "Jew 2453" and rely 1879 upon the Law 3551 and boast 2744 in God 2316,
18 and know 1097 {His} will 2307 and approve 1381 the things that are essential 1308, being instructed 2727 out of the Law 3551,
19 and are confident 3982 that you yourself 4572 are a guide 3595 to the blind 5185, a light 5457 to those 3588 who are in darkness 4655,
20 a corrector 3810 of the foolish 878, a teacher 1320 of the immature 3516, having 2192 in the Law 3551 the embodiment 3446 of knowledge 1108 and of the truth 225,
21 you, therefore 3767, who teach 1321 another 2087, do you not teach 1321 yourself 4572? You who preach 2784 that one shall not steal 2813, do you steal 2813?
22 You who say 3004 that one should not commit 3431 adultery 3431, do you commit 3431 adultery 3431? You who abhor 948 idols 1497, do you rob 2416 temples 2416?
23 You who 3739 boast 2744 in the Law 3551, through 1223 your breaking 3847 the Law 3551, do you dishonor 818 God 2316?
24 For "THE NAME 3686 OF GOD 2316 IS BLASPHEMED 987 AMONG 1722 THE GENTILES 1484 BECAUSE 1223 OF YOU," just 2531 as it is written 1125.
25 ¶ For indeed 3303 circumcision 4061 is of value 5623 if 1437 you practice 4238 the Law 3551; but if 1437 you are a transgressor 3848 of the Law 3551, your circumcision 4061 has become 1096 uncircumcision 203.
26 So 3767 if 1437 the uncircumcised 203 man 203 keeps 5442 the requirements 1345 of the Law 3551, will not his uncircumcision 203 be regarded 3049 as circumcision 4061?
27 And he who is physically 5449 uncircumcised 203, if he keeps 5055 the Law 3551, will he not judge 2919 you who 3588 though 1223 having the letter 1121 {of the Law} and circumcision 4061 are a transgressor 3848 of the Law 3551?
28 For he is not a Jew 2453 who 3588 is one outwardly, nor 3761 is circumcision 4061 that which is outward 5318 in the flesh 4561.
29 But he is a Jew 2453 who 3588 is one inwardly 2927; and circumcision 4061 is that which is of the heart 2588, by the Spirit 4151, not by the letter 1121; and his praise 1868 is not from men 444, but from God 2316.
Chapter 3
1 All the World Guilty
Then 3767 what 5101 advantage 4053 has the Jew 2453? Or 2228 what 5101 is the benefit 5622 of circumcision 4061?
2 Great 4183 in every 3956 respect 5158. First 4413 of all 4413, that they were entrusted 4100 with the oracles 3051 of God 2316.
3 What 5101 then 1063? If 1487 some 5100 did not believe 569, their unbelief 570 will not nullify 2673 the faithfulness 4102 of God 2316, will it?
4 May it never 3361 be! Rather 1161, let God 2316 be found 1096 true 227, though 1161 every 3956 man 444 {be found} a liar 5583, as it is written 1125, "THAT YOU MAY BE JUSTIFIED 1344 IN YOUR WORDS 3056, AND PREVAIL 3528 WHEN 1722 YOU ARE JUDGED 2919."
5 But if 1487 our unrighteousness 93 demonstrates 4921 the righteousness 1343 of God 2316, what 5101 shall we say 3004? The God 2316 who inflicts 2018 wrath 3709 is not unrighteous 94, is He? (I am speaking 3004 in human 444 terms 2596.)
6 May it never 3361 be! For otherwise 1893, how 4459 will God 2316 judge 2919 the world 2889?
7 But if 1487 through 1722 my lie 5582 the truth 225 of God 2316 abounded 4052 to His glory 1391, why 5101 am I also 2532 still 2089 being judged 2919 as a sinner 268?
8 And why not {say} (as we are slanderously 987 reported 987 and as some 5100 claim 5346 that we say 3004), "Let us do 4160 evil 2556 that good 18 may come 2064"? Their condemnation 2917 is just 1738.
9 ¶ What 5101 then 3767? Are we better 4284 than they? Not at all 3843; for we have already 4256 charged 4256 that both 5037 Jews 2453 and Greeks 1672 are all 3956 under 5259 sin 266;
10 as it is written 1125, "THERE IS NONE 3756 RIGHTEOUS 1342, NOT EVEN 3761 ONE 1520;
11 THERE IS NONE 3756 WHO UNDERSTANDS 4920, THERE IS NONE 3756 WHO SEEKS 1567 FOR GOD 2316;
12 ALL 3956 HAVE TURNED 1578 ASIDE 1578, TOGETHER 260 THEY HAVE BECOME 889 USELESS 889; THERE IS NONE 3756 WHO DOES 4160 GOOD 5544, THERE IS NOT EVEN 2193 ONE 1520."
13 "THEIR THROAT 2995 IS AN OPEN 455 GRAVE 5028, WITH THEIR TONGUES 1100 THEY KEEP DECEIVING 1387," "THE POISON 2447 OF ASPS 785 IS UNDER 5259 THEIR LIPS 5491";
14 "WHOSE 3739 MOUTH 4750 IS FULL 1073 OF CURSING 685 AND BITTERNESS 4088";
15 "THEIR FEET 4228 ARE SWIFT 3691 TO SHED 1632 BLOOD 129,
16 DESTRUCTION 4938 AND MISERY 5004 ARE IN THEIR PATHS 3598,
17 AND THE PATH 3598 OF PEACE 1515 THEY HAVE NOT KNOWN 1097."
18 "THERE IS NO 3756 FEAR 5401 OF GOD 2316 BEFORE 561 THEIR EYES 3788."
19 ¶ Now 1161 we know 3609 that whatever 3745 the Law 3551 says 3004, it speaks 2980 to those 3588 who are under 1722 the Law 3551, so 2443 that every 3956 mouth 4750 may be closed 5420 and all 3956 the world 2889 may become 1096 accountable 5267 to God 2316;
20 because 1360 by the works 2041 of the Law 3551 no flesh 4561 will be justified 1344 in His sight 1799; for through 1223 the Law 3551 {comes} the knowledge 1922 of sin 266.
21 Justification by Faith
¶ But now 3570 apart 5565 from the Law 3551 {the} righteousness 1343 of God 2316 has been manifested 5319, being witnessed 3140 by the Law 3551 and the Prophets 4396,
22 even 1161 {the} righteousness 1343 of God 2316 through 1223 faith 4102 in Jesus 2424 Christ 5547 for all 3956 those 3588 who believe 4100; for there is no 3756 distinction 1293;
23 for all 3956 have sinned 264 and fall 5302 short 5302 of the glory 1391 of God 2316,
24 being justified 1344 as a gift 1431 by His grace 5485 through 1223 the redemption 629 which is in Christ 5547 Jesus 2424;
25 whom 3739 God 2316 displayed 4388 publicly 4388 as a propitiation 2435 in His blood 129 through 1223 faith 4102. {This was} to demonstrate 1731 His righteousness 1343, because 1223 in the forbearance 463 of God 2316 He passed 3929 over 3929 the sins 265 previously 4266 committed 4266;
26 for the demonstration 1732, {I say,} of His righteousness 1343 at the present 3568 time 2540, so 1519 that He would be just 1342 and the justifier 1344 of the one who has faith 4102 in Jesus 2424.
27 ¶ Where 4226 then 3767 is boasting 2746? It is excluded 1576. By what 4169 kind 4169 of law 3551? Of works 2041? No 3780, but by a law 3551 of faith 4102.
28 For we maintain 3049 that a man 444 is justified 1344 by faith 4102 apart 5565 from works 2041 of the Law 3551.
29 Or 2228 is God 2316 {the God} of Jews 2453 only 3440? Is He not {the God} of Gentiles 1484 also 2532? Yes 3483, of Gentiles 1484 also 2532,
30 since 1512 indeed 1512 God 2316 who 3739 will justify 1344 the circumcised 4061 by faith 4102 and the uncircumcised 203 through 1223 faith 4102 is one 1520.
31 ¶ Do we then 3767 nullify 2673 the Law 3551 through 1223 faith 4102? May it never 3361 be! On the contrary 235, we establish 2476 the Law 3551.
Chapter 4
1 Justification by Faith Evidenced in Old Testament
What 5101 then 3767 shall we say 3004 that Abraham 11, our forefather 4310 according 2596 to the flesh 4561, has found 2147?
2 For if 1487 Abraham 11 was justified 1344 by works 2041, he has 2192 something 2745 to boast 2745 about 2745, but not before 4314 God 2316.
3 For what 5101 does the Scripture 1124 say 3004? "ABRAHAM 11 BELIEVED 4100 GOD 2316, AND IT WAS CREDITED 3049 TO HIM AS RIGHTEOUSNESS 1343."
4 Now 1161 to the one who works 2038, his wage 3408 is not credited 3049 as a favor 5485, but as what 3783 is due 3783.
5 But to the one who does not work 2038, but believes 4100 in Him who justifies 1344 the ungodly 765, his faith 4102 is credited 3049 as righteousness 1343,
6 just 2509 as David 1160 also 2532 speaks 3004 of the blessing 3108 on the man 444 to whom 3739 God 2316 credits 3049 righteousness 1343 apart 5565 from works 2041:
7 "BLESSED 3107 ARE THOSE WHOSE 3739 LAWLESS 458 DEEDS 458 HAVE BEEN FORGIVEN 863, AND WHOSE 3739 SINS 266 HAVE BEEN COVERED 1943.
8 "BLESSED 3107 IS THE MAN 435 WHOSE 3739 SIN 266 THE LORD 2962 WILL NOT TAKE 3049 INTO ACCOUNT 3049."
9 ¶ Is this 3778 blessing 3108 then 3767 on